The royal commentaries of Peru : in two parts / written originally in spanish by the Inca Garcilasso de la Vega; rendred into english by sir Paul Rycaut.

Royal Commentariú. BooK 111. lndies, a Grant was made to poffeís and enjoy che Lands rhey had ga.ined ·ror cwo Lives , thac is, for tbeir own, 'and the life qf tLcir eldefi Son, and to che Daughcer, in caíe a Son fhould be wanring. Afrerwards a Command was given, Thac every one fhould marry, upon fup· pofirion, that men being married would defüe no be q_uiet, and apply chemfelves to cukivate and improve their Lands, and not be lJ'luninous and defüous of No- velcies; and uµon this Conftderation , alíld for che encouragement of Marriage, it was ordained, chac che Wife for wam of Children (houlcl enéer into che poffeffi. on, and enjoy it for her Li re. The Feaíon of che lecond Law or Confiiturion , exempting che IndianJ from payB1ent of Taxes or' lmpolirions was grounded on á fuggeftion· that che Spaniard1 paid or allowed noching to the Indian1 for their pains or labour in their Cervices: perhaps chis might be parc!cularly true in relati. on to fome Spaniard.s of evil confciences and ryraniaical ~ifµohtions; bur as to the generalicy, it could not be made good; for thlt many lnaiam were enterrained in che fervice of che Spa:aiard1, andas Day-labourers hired themfelves out to hew or faw timber, receivíng their wages and hire for their labours: :ind therefore ro ordain that che Indiam !hould not be charged with labours or employed in work, was to cut off their bread and their g:!Jin: aind rherefore ic had been much more political to have made a Ltw feverely to p1mi!h chofe who wichheld paymenc írom the lndians , after they hld done cheir fervice aod labour which deferved ir. As t0 rhac Law, which forbids che l ndia111 co be com,.>elled ro work in che Mines. 1 have nothing to fay, bue onely to referr my felf coche p:·efem prJétice, which is now uíed in chis year 1611. wheo hy order of che Governmenc, che Jndians are compelled to labour in the Silver Mines of che M Juocain of Potofci, and in the / Mines of Q!!ick-íilver which arife in the Province of f.1111111c11: in which, if che Jndianr were not employed, the quantities of Gold ~nd Silver which are yearly imported frorn chis Ernpire into Spain would greatly fail. As to chat particular Law which impoíes a Tribute or Q!ic.rent paiable by che Tenant to che Lord of che Manor, it was amatter fo well C\íl:ablifhed, rhac it was received with general applauíe ar chac time when Preftdenc Pedro de la Garca pro- portioned rhe Tax in Peru, of which 1 was rny felf an eye-wirnefs: bue as to che exemption of l11di1m1 from perfonal fervice, che.y gave no good information, nor did they know how to make íuch a roport as mighc be proper in thar cafe. For che matter fiood rhus : Every Adventurer that was an Iohabitant hada cer- tain number of J11dia111 a\lorced co him in lieu of pareof bis Tribute, for maime- nance.of his houCe; fo that everY. Lord, b~íides his principal Manfion dwelling had fome finall Corrages of about fourcy or hfry in number, or fixty at che moft, tec our to him, obliged to perfonal Services; thac is to (ay, to provide his houfe with Wood, Water, and Hayor GraCs for hisSrnbles, for at that time, they had no Scraw; and, beíides chis, chey were obliged to no other Tribute or S 0 rvice: and of chisnamre my Father was poífeífcd of rhree litde Villages in che Valley of Co~co ; and in the parts adjacent, the Iohabita!\tS of Cow held divers fuch like Corcages obliged ro the ufe and fervice of che City. And where it happened out, dm che loe fell to aoy perfon , in places uninhabited, they prefently fenc to rhe Head.quarters to be fupplied wich Jndian.; in pare .of che Tribute dueto chem; and accordingly che fame was granted, and che Jndiam v hich were allotted to chem, wirh grea t chearfulnefs and contenrment followed and obferved the irnpofition of their Maílers: fo rhat when che Prelident Gnfc.a carne, and found chis particular poim fo equally difpofed and eftabli!hed, he approved thereof, and made no man~ ner of alterar ion therein. . As co che chfrd Precept, which retrencbed rhe Bi!hops , Monaíleries and Ho- fpitals in thoíe large proporrions of fervices which former Governours had be- Howed opon them, over Jndinm : It íeemed neicher injurious nor unreafonable. wholly ro take thern away; for chat the Intemion of rhe Gov.ernours was not co gram ch':'m for..a longer time chao they were impowred by hisMa.jefües Commif- fion, which was only for cwo Uves, which being expi red, their right ceafed; and herein Monafi er ies, Bi!hopricks ancl Hoípirals, rhough of perpetua! durance, yec could not pretend ro a grearer privilege chan che Advenrnrers and Conquerours of chore Empi res. Th.e remaining pare of chis rhird and fourch Ordinance we !hall declare hereafrer, in che pl ace where we give a relation of che Complaints which thoíe made who believed rhemfelves injured and damnifyed rhereby. CHAP.