The royal commentaries of Peru : in two parts / written originally in spanish by the Inca Garcilasso de la Vega; rendred into english by sir Paul Rycaut.

3 ..... SooK n.. Royal Gommentaries. CH A· P. XXXVII. J Of the bloud¡ Battel of the Salinas. R odrigo Orgonnos' to perform the part Óf a good Souldier' put h~ Forces the next Morning, very early, into order of Battel, bis Irifantry he reduced to one BattaLion, fupported of.I each Wing by his Harquebufters, which were .few in number, and much lefs than thofe on the contrary ftde, which was the caufe chac he !oíl: che day. The Captains of che-Foot were Chriftophcr de.Sotelo, Hernando de Alvarado, {ohn de Mofcofo, and Diego de SalinM. The Hor[~ were divided into twó Squadrons, the ene Commanded by (ohn Tello, and Vafco de Guevara, and the o- , cher by 1 Francw de Chaves, and RuJ Diat. Orgonnos_being Commander inChief, did noc oblige himfelf to any panicular rarik, being to be preíenc, apd affiíl:ing ar every aétion of che Field, and deftgned with his companion Pedrode Lerma to [eek for Remando de Pifarro, and fight with him. His Arciliery he planced on one·ftdé, of che Squadrons, where ic might moíl: annoy che Enemy : befare them was a fiream of Water, which ran chrough all thofe Plains, arid aMoorifh fort ofplafhy ground, which made che Accefs of che Enemy to them to be fomeching difücult. On c11e ocher fide Pedro de Valdivia, who was Maj9r-General, and Antonio deCam• po Sergeam-M¡jor, difpofed their Forces in the fame arder, as might anfwer that of Rodrigo Orgonnos. Their Batcalion óf Foot was flanked on ea\:h Wing with good numbers of Harquebufters, who were chofe thac did che work, and gained che Vfétory of chaeday: Their Horfe were drawn up into two Squadrons, ,0f a lmndred in each, againíl: chofe of (lrgonnos, Hernando Pi farro, wich his Compa- nion Francifco de Barahona, were in die Front of one of che Squadrons of flor[e, and Alon(o de Alvarado ac che Head of che ocher ; and Gon:{,alo Pi farro as General of the lnfantry refolved co fighc on Foo1. In. which order .marching againíl: che Almagriam, .chey refolutely paífed both che íl:ream ofWacer .and che Moor, wich- out any oppofüion of che Enemy·; for chey had given chem firíl: Juch aVolly of fmall fhor, as had very much difordered therti, and put them into thac confufton, ' that chey mighr eafily be rouced ; for both Horfo: and fooc rerreaced from their ground co avoid che fhoc of che Harquebufie1:s; which when Orgonnos obferved, he doubced much of che Viétory, and gave order for the Arcillery to play u¡)On rhem ; which fucceeded [o well, chac one fhor carried off a whole rank of five Men at once; whicl1 fo dHinayed the Enemy, chat had four or five in the like manner followed, chey mighc have defeared· chat whole Squadron. · Bue Gon:{,a/o Pi<¡arro, and bis Majar-General Valdivia appearing in the Frn11c, fotced che Souldi- ers forwards, and commanded them co ~bar.ge the Enemy's Pikes wirh their Cop- per íhot ; for as the Souldiers of Almagro wer€ more numerous in cheir Pikes, fo chofe_of Pix.arro availed rhemfelves fooíl: ·of thl!ir Harquequfters, and aimed much to defeac their Pikes, chac rheir Horfe rnigbc. afterwards charge them wich lefs danger. . And [o accordingly ir focceeded, for as Carate and Gomara relate, ·fifiy of cheir Pikes were broken with cwo Vollies of fhot. The Copper Bullecs ( for information of thofe 'IYhó have·neverJeén the~) are _caíl: in a cornmon Mould like ochers : They cake a chird or a fourth pare of Iron- wire, and ar each end of thís Wire chey make'- a little hook for a link, and put the end ohhe two Hooks imo ·che middle of che Mould : Then to divide the · , Mould inco two pares, chey·[eparate it wich leaf of-Copper or lron as chinas Pa- per; then chey pour in che melred Lead, which incorporares it fe}[ with che links of Iron, and divides che Bullet in cwo pares, faíl:ned wich the Iron lin~s. Then .. when chey ram chem inco che Gun, they joyn the¡n like one Bullec ;, and when rhey are fhoc ouc, chey fpread chemfelves co che lengch of rhe Chain, and cut all before chem. By chefe means, ·as che Hiíl:Qrians fay, chey did great execution upon che Pikes"'{for without chis invention chey could never have. done half chis mifchief. Howfoever; chey did noc aim at the Pikemen rhernfelves, bue ar their Pikes, chac they might fhew what th~y were able to do, and what advantage they .had over them in cheir Arms. This