The royal commentaries of Peru : in two parts / written originally in spanish by the Inca Garcilasso de la Vega; rendred into english by sir Paul Rycaut.

.BooK IX. Royal Commentaries~ . ~·~~~~~~~~~~.---~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ great One, were che moíl: pleafin~ lind ~cceptable Sacr~fice that they could make to chis GoddeíS , the which doéhme bemg mculcated mto. the people by che co- vetoufiie[¡¡ of the Prieíl:s, was the occafion that vaíl: numbers of Emeralds were amaffed together in chis place, where they were afterwards found by Don !'edro d~ . Alvtrrada, and bis Comp · ,ns, of which Gar fi laf{o de la Vega, my Mafter, was one, when rhey were emplo rn the Conqueíl: of Peru : but they being unikilfull Lapidaries, were of opini\::m, that tbe[e Stones, if they were true, and Itlr(Jf'afs, could never be broken ; and therefore in the trial of them broke the greateíl: pare of them with Hammers upan an Anvi\ : Bue the great one, which was their God- defs, was conveyed áway by che Indian1 in füch manner , fo foon as chey under- íl:ood chat the Spaniards had invaded their Coumrey, that with all che diligence and menaces which could be u[ed, it could never be recovered; as alfo other vaíl: ·, and immen[e treafüres which have been loíl: and embezled in that Cotlntrey. The Natives of Mai1ta, and the pares adjacent, and e[pecially thofe that live along che Coaíl: ( though we muíl: exempt the Serrano1, who inltabit wirhin rhe Land) did ufe and profe[s openly, and without fhame, thac ahominable vice of Sodomy, and were more addiéted to ic chan all the ocher Nations we have be- fore mentioned, as guilty of chis fin. Their Marriages were comraéted, on con- . dition thac the Parents aná Friends of che Bride~room fhould firíl: enjoy che Bride before che Husband. Thofe which chey too!< in the War they flea'd, and filling clieir Skins with Afhes, chey hanged them up at che Gates of their Temples in lignal of Viétory, or in the publick places where chey danced. · To chis people che l nca fent · bis accuíl:omary Summons, requiring chem eit~r to fubmic rhemfelves to his Empire, or prepare C(i;) defenq themfelves by Arms : Bue chis people of Manta hada long time fince been w ll affured, that their force was noc fufficient to reftíl: che power of the Inca, though they had been able, to have made Alliance wich che neighbouring Nations ; for conGdering that they were a brutifh forc of people, without Governmem, Union, or Law, there was no poffibility of reducing them within any terms of confederacy ; and therefore they all with much facility fubmicted themfelves to Huayna Capac. The /nea re- ceived chem very gmiouíly, treating chem with kindnefs and rewards; and ha- ving placed Ofncer nd Governours over rhem, and Inílruétours to teach chem their Religion, Laws and Cufl:oms, he proceeded afterwards in his Conquea to another great Province called Caranque. In the parts adjacent there were many ocher Nations, ali brutifh, living without Law, Religion or Government. The ' Conqueíl: of them was performed wirhout any difficulty, for chey never attemp- ted to defend themfelves; and if chey had, ic wduld hav'e been to little purpo[e, being all of them~ though united togerher, an unequal match for rhe power of che Inca. Iµ che fub jeétion and difpofal of thefe people, che fame rules and methods were u(ed, as wich the former, over whom Governours and lnílruétours were fem to prefide, that rhey might rule and ceach them. Proceeding forward in thefe Conqueíl:s, they carne at length to other Provinces more barbarous and fottifh chan any as yet inhabiting along th:n Coaíl:; for the Mer1 and Women cut and llafhed thefr faces with fharp fünts, and moulded their Childrens heads into a deformed fhape, difforent to whac nature had given them : For [o foon as rheir Infams were born, they clapt a finoorh Place upon their foreheads, and another on che hinder parn of the head ; che which was íl:rairned every day harder and harder, untill chey came to che Age of four or five years ; by which time the head was grown broad on each íide, and confequently che forellfad low , and che face contraéted in che length : And to make chemfelves yet more deformed, they cut off che hair behind·, and on the ci·own of the head, leaving onely locks on each fide ; nor \Yere thefe locks of hair combed; or pleated, bue friíled and frowfed, co make cheir countenances yet more monílrous and deformed : cheir food was for rhe moít part Fifh, ( for Fifhery was their chief emµ\oyment) likewife they ate Herbs, and Roots, and foch wild Fruits as rhe Woods produced; chey wem mked and wor- íhipped che Gods which their Neighbours adored. Thefe Narions ,,;ere called !1pichiqui, Pich1mji, Sava, I'ecllanfimiqui , Pampahuaci? and the lik~. Thefe people be- mg reduced, the Inca proc~ede9 to anoche; Nanon, called .J:_1ramijf11, and rhen co anorher named Pajfa11, wh1ch is fttuated d!l'eétly under ~he Equinoétial line; and- thefe were 'yet more barbarous thm the relt, for rbey ,c;>wned no Gods, nor did :~1e rho_nghts of ~ .qod ~ver ent~r imo their conGderario~ ; for they were noc aÍto- uaced m ~Y polmcal commumon, nor had they Houfes, but Hved in hollow Trees ,