The royal commentaries of Peru : in two parts / written originally in spanish by the Inca Garcilasso de la Vega; rendred into english by sir Paul Rycaut.

Book l. Royal Commentaries. t_hat Had the Spaniards íntrÚnced no other invention amongft ~ Pha~ _the ufe of Scif{ors; Lookfng-Glaffes and Combs, they had deferv-ed a!t t_hat Gold and Sil11er which our G'osmtrey pro411ces. _ , , • ~- The other Mark ofDutinétioríj '"".ªSto have their Eárs boared through, whkh tke Wornen corninonly did, with a íharp bramble, and by fome are made che hole fo wide, (as we íhall hereafter de(cribe) that ~t is wohderfull to ~onceive bow :ir is po!Iible for fo fmall a piece of fleíh, as che V elvet of the Ear; toªbe ex. tend,~d fo far, as to receive an Ear-ring as big ~s the fram~ . of a pulley, for it wa.S inade iQ the form ofthofe withwhichwe draw up l?itchers frem a '\Vdl; and of.that cprpj;_5qfs, that in éafe it were bearen frreight, ir _woutd be a quart~r of a Y ard. 1obg; ;wd .a finger in thickneíS; and bec~!lfe the Indians wear them thus big; ch~ $/?tl'Ji-fi.rils catl-chen;i Orejonef, or flap-eared Luggs- , . . ; . ·, fp~ theDref~ 'of their Heads, die Jné1u weilr aWr<:<ath oftiivers Colours, which f!Jty ¡:¡¡U Llauiu, and is che breadth ofa f1nger~ but not quite fo thick, which chey :Pind ·4oout ibeir Heads four or five times, in form of á Tulbanr. . Thefe three partkulats ef.~utting the Hair; bbariHg the Ears! and bindin g the Head with chis 1;.útHtJJ, were i:he .dillincl:ions which .Manco Capac appropr.ia~ ed to his family '.> for tb91JAA fue Supjeói: migfut w~ar· this- Vv read11, or llautu, abo .u.etbeir Heads, yec it \va.~ fo .be of bla~~ onely, and1)ot ofdivers cdl0urs, whicha}!>penained onely to rhe l\oyal Bloud. '[rhi~ ~aving been the F.aíhion for fome tiro'~, the Inca indulgi~~ falíd1c:r favours .~º líis People: ¡j?rm~t~ed the1I} alfo to cm -thejr Hair, but,iri a dit~ fe ent manner to chofe of h1s Fam1ly, and of one fr_om rhe orher; , tbat fq rhe. ~iV~J!S lJneages a11q · Nation~ might be clifijiigt(úhed by theif Heads. ..An d thac , ~he Faí}:üen of the Inca migl~t not b~ very diff~rer¡c to tbat, óf ~\s Subj eéfs, , he.or- , ckr~d that thei r Hair í)1ou!a b~ rouoded? 'and dipp'ed cldfe 'Oli th~ top.of. .tqeir. ~eads, ~far as their Temples, arid that thei¡ Lotks íhoufol hang º~- ea ~h ft~e , to ij1~ bou91n of ~1eir E~rs; otbets he ordered_ co. clip their Hair as far (\5 ~igh~ re~di to the m1ddle a.f their Ears, and qthers íhort~r, but non<; wag to weár ti in faílúorá p~ cf¡._e I~ca. .And ~hus th~fe ~ndians kep( themfelye~ ~oriíl~nt fo the~, ) faCT·fü5a; pot w appear f~praíhcal or varyrng, left they íhould !"tthe: feem tQ gifapprove th~ r.recepts of th~~r Inca, or contemn the Oill:otns of rherr own Llneage, whicli they evet had ~n great Ell:eém and Honodr~ . . . . ._ . . fo protefs of time the Jncd, willing to e,nlargé the privileges 9f his PebpÍe, gave lh~m permifiion cd boar their Ears, tboúgh not fo wide as the Inca, .and chat che Pender)($ to th~¡n íhould váry according to the diverGty of _rheir Lineages and (;oµmries. ' To the N~úon called M_ay_u, and Cancft, he gave .leave to wear a, Twííl: of Stm'V, about the.thicknefs df the litt1e finger;· To che Natjon Poques he p,rdained a Lqck of white \Vool to Jiang as big as rhe to'p of rhe Thumb. Ta· the Nations Mlf)ntt, Huar11é anq Chiltqui, he :ipp'ointed Ear-ring's· of éhe common· Junk or Re~d, wh~ch the lndians call Tutura. To che Natipn Rima&tampu he ap· ·propriated an Ear-ring ofa certain foft wooq, whtch in che Iíles of Barlovento they' ~all.Magu~, ~nd in di~ general torigue of Peru, Chuchaü, which, when the Bark IS pilled off, is gentle j and eafily hended. To tbe People calied Vrcos, T11ca1J 7ampu, and others inhabiting on the Banks of che River Yuéay, he gave the privi- lege, as · a pecúliar m.ark and note of his Favour, ro weaJ their Ear-rings of a lar-· ger fti~ than other _N~tions, but leíl: they f):fould e~ceed herein beyoiid théir due. ~roporti_on, he_gave them a meafure and cpmpafs 'Yhi_th they were nót to pafs; the matter of them was to be che re·ed called TuturtJ.; thefe were called EáJ:-twills. racher than Pendants, becau(e they did not hang from the Eir, bot were twined about it; as a rope is about the mouth of the Picch~r. . . , . . .' Befldes thefe dillinétion~, tqe Inca appropriated other m¡irf}s to evety Natioa; that fo they rllight nor be confounded one witl~ tbe ochet; tbofe.Names and Titles ~hich rilofr nearly related to thofe whjch the King h~mfelf. had_ affumed, being reputed rnoít hónóuta:ble an:d of_ grea~eíl: renown: nqt that_the Inca ~as , partial to' ány, or. f~voured any 'lJeyónd Reafon or JufHce; bqt as forne.were of a nature more docible :md traétable than orhers, and lahoured ~o infiruét and .teach the rude People in the way.s of Hurhanicy; t9 thofe bé granted a h1gher t~fümpny of his Favours, and fignal marks of honour; . ~11 which being confirmed by Revela~ tiori from the Sun his ~ather, _ the poor Índi.ans wichout envy or emulation eadí· fo other, fübmitted unto~, paving already by good expt:rierice fafiéa the benefit of · théir obedi'ence ro rheit Inca: