The royal commentaries of Peru : in two parts / written originally in spanish by the Inca Garcilasso de la Vega; rendred into english by sir Paul Rycaut.

Royal Commentaries. BooK VII. Moreover by this cour[e th~ !ne~ were fupplkd with great quantities ofMayz, for maintenance of their Arm1es m thac cold and barren Countrey; fo chat the Colltu were able to carry great quantities of Jl.!!:.inua and Chinu, and great llices of that which chey called Charqui, to their Kindred in. ocher Plantations, and in ex- chang~ . ánp. barrer for them, recurn~d h?me laden ~ith Mayz, .and /ed Pepper, and orher Fruirs.whiGh chofe G:ountnes y1elcied; wh1ch comrnod1qus way ofnade was of great benefi~ and confo\ation to the Udians. ' ' ' ' • ' Pedro Cie fa de Leon, in che 9 9th Chapeer of his Book, diícourfing of this man- ner ofmutual Cornmerce, faith, " Thac in fruitfull Years che Inhabitants of Col- " !ao live with contentment and plemy, bue in dry years they füffer great wams, ª and fcarcity of all Provifions. The truth is, had not che Incan-King prefcribed " excellent Laws for tbe government of chis Peopl~, and ordered every tbing ' ' wich a providenc and induíl:rious regard, ce11tainly theíe Countries would have " la'boured under greac penury and wancs, and perhaps have relapíed inco the farne ' ' befüal condition, in which they once were before the times of rhe lnw. And ." chus much I affirrn, becau[e I know that the Clirnate under which the CollM in- " habited, is cold, and cherefore not [o fruitfull as the warmer Regions of more ' ' happy Counrries. And in regard che mountains of Andes did border on all " fides of thofe Colonies; it was ordered, chac ali pares fhould iífue forch a cer- ce tain number of Jndian1, with their Wives and Children, who being planted ac- ce cording to che direél:ion of their··Caciques in fuch places, as were convenient, " mighc improve cheir Lands, and by' Induíl:ry and Are fupply rhat which was ce wancing by nacure; which People were called llditimaes, and were [o obedient, " and obíervanc co their Lords and Captains, chat to chis day they are Drudges ~' to chem, cheir principal care and bufineís being to manure and culrivate che Co- ce ca Plancacions, which are [o precious and profirable, that though in all Collao ce rhey neither fow nor reap M:iyz, yet neither che Lords, who are Natives, nor " che Common People, who are indu(b:ious, do want fufficienc quamities of ce Mayz, Honey, and all other Fruits, in exchange for cheir Coca. Thus far are the Words óf Pedro ·de Ciefa, extraél:ed verbarim from his Original Vv ritings. I Moreover-chey craníplanted che people fometimes on other occafions, when ha- ving fübdued fome warlike.and íl:ubborn Nation, which being remoce from Cou:o, mighc be apc to rebell, then in fo ch .ca[e of füfpicion or jealoufie, to prevent .all danger of Mutinies , their praél:ice was, co traníplant the people from thei r own foil to fome ocher Countrey, nearer, and wicbin che reach of che Inca, where ·finding thernfelves encompatTed wich loyal Subjeéls, and friends to che Govern- menc, more eaG!y fobmitted ' their Necks co che Yoke, and fo became faithfull , againíl: their own lnclinations. \i\Then any of thefe Exchanges were made of Colonies, chey were always accompanied wich fome of chofe whorn che firíl: Inca Aftmco Capac had honoured with che Title of being Jnw by privilege; and chefe ,were füch as were appointed to govern and iníl:ruét che ochers. The ritle ofthefe !nCtu was an honour to ali chofe whom chey accompanied, fo that chey were much more honoured and refpeél:ed by che neighbouring and adjacenc People. The Colónies \\Phich were chus cranfplanced were called by che common Narne of Mitmac. . Anotber piece of their policy much conducing to che regular Government of r~~ir .Empire, was a Cornmand and an lnjunél:ion laid upon ali tbeir Vaffals, ob- ligmg tbem to learn che Language of the Court, whicn to this day is called che common or univerfal Tongue; for che teaching of which, certain Maíl:ers, who ~· ere Incao by privilege, were appointed and ordained co infl:ruél: che People in it 1 be~des which che Jncao hada Courc-language appropriated to thernfelveS,, which bemg eíl:eemed che holy ·and divine Speech, was not to be pi-ophaned by vulgar° Tongues. This, as chey wrice me from Peru, is emirely lofl:; for the Empire of the Incas being ruined; cheir Language ran _che cornmon fate of their orher Regali- ties! The Reafons why the Jncan·Kings did cornrnand tbat one comrnon Lan- guage fhould be uíed, was for cwo reípeéls, fufl: to avoid che rnulrimde of Inter-- p¡·ecers, which would be neceffary for underfl:anding che variety of Languages [poken within che Jurifdiétion of that grear Empire. And in che next place che 111cao entercained a particular fatisfaél:ion when they could [peak cheir own words: · · . U!}to