The royal commentaries of Peru : in two parts / written originally in spanish by the Inca Garcilasso de la Vega; rendred into english by sir Paul Rycaut.

_Boo.K V. Royal Commentariu. ·e H. A P. XIV. What the Rule and Account wa5 whích they o,bferv;d in-pub= lick. and private E/lates. · " AFter the Inca had fubdued a Province, he confirmed .the Right of poíieffion ' ' to rhe Natives of it, and then confütuted Governours over the people, and ' ' Inftruétors who were to teaíh chem the Doétrine and Ways of Religion, and ta "compofe a]l twubles and differences arifing amongíl: them: For better-difpatch ." of which, ic was ord't'ted, that they íhould Qecipher and fet clown by theinKaors; " a Plar, · or Map, of ali the Meadows, Moúntains, Hills, Arable Grounds, Mines, " Salt-pans, Fountai~, Lakes 1 Riyer.s, and Plancacions of Cottons and Fruit-trees ; "together with their Flocks which produced Wool, and Herds of other Cartel. -" All which particulars, wich many more, they ordered to be meafüred, and laid " clown diíl:inétly by chemfelves. As firíl: a Scherne was drawn of the whole Pro- ' ' vince; chen how it was divided into its feveral people; and lafr~ how ic bor- " dered on all par!; and quarters on its Neighbours; chen the let¡tgth and breadth " of ir was meafüred, -and notice caken of che quality of the Land, as what was "barrer), and what P.art of it was fruitfull; the defign of a!l which was, not in of- '~ der to apply any part or parcel thereof to ~he Eíl:ate, or benefit of the Inca.'; bue " onely that a due knowledge and confideration being had of the fruicfulnefs or íle-' " rility of che Land, fure and certain meaf ures m ight be the better taken 'of what' ." every C9untrey was able to provide and gi.ve towards their Tribute; and that ·" having made a juíl: calculare of all things, they might be the becter enabled to lay "a due ·proportion of chofe fupplies which were required from them in times of "Peíl:il~nce, Famine, or other Calamities: And laíl:ly¡ it was publickly p~omul:..' ' ' ged, and made known to every Individual perfon, what Service the Inca, or the " Curaca&, or the Commonwealth reRuired at .his hands: And 1.tíl:ly, it was Ordai<t " ned, that according to füch Models afld Meafures as were laid dpwn oLthe Pro~ " vince, and the füuarion of ir, that Boundaries and Land-marks fhould be fer up " for diíl:inéUon and feparation from che Fro1'tiers belonging to the Neighbouring " Councries. And leíl: in times to come there fhould happen out any miílakes or ' ' confofion for want of due difünétioñ, they ga\7e new and proper Names to every_ " Mouncain, .Hill, Field, Meadow, Fountain, and all otlwr particular places; and " if any of rhem had Names anciéncly given them, they confirmed them again, ad- " ding fomething new and móre diíl:inguifhing; the which will be 1nore rematka- " ble when. we·treat of that great veneration and refpeét which the !ndians conferve " unto this day of feveral places. Afrer this they divided and fhared out che Land ' ' by parcels to the people of the Province aécording to their pro_¡:iortions ~ oraeríng " them efpecially to be carefull, that thefe Lands thus meafured, and laid out, and " bounde~, fhould in no-wife be mixed or confoundeq with the Paí'rurage or Moun: " tains of other people , bur ·that i!Very one füould know ics own Land-marks and " Boundai-ies allocred. The Mines of Gold and Silver, whether ancienrly known, or " difcovered of lace times, were allowed to rhe Curaca& to enjoy for rhemíelves, " cheir kindred and fervams; not for Treafure, for they concemned that, bur onely " to Adorn their Cloaths and Vefl:ments with which rhey were apparelled on Féíl:i- " val-days, and with fuch a quantity as mi~ht ferve for Cups ánd Veffels for rhe . '• G11raca to drink in, for h@ was íhmed and limited , to fuch a certai~ number of " them: befides theíe ufes, they J1ad little regard unto cheir Mines, buf ratber fuf- " fered them to be forgotten and lofl:; which was rhe reafon, that when the Spani- " ards carne in, though the Artiíl:s and Labourers in other Crafrs were very nume- " rous, yet in rhis alone few Founders, or skilfull in Melting Ore, were ro be found, · " Such as were employed in theKing's Servjce were abundant ly provided w·irh all ~' . Ucenfils and Iníl:rumencs, together with Cloaths and Diet ar rhe charge and ex- " pence of the King, or of the Lord. The:íe Artiíl:s were obliged to work rwa - X ~M~~