The royal commentaries of Peru : in two parts / written originally in spanish by the Inca Garcilasso de la Vega; rendred into english by sir Paul Rycaut.

Royal Commentariu. BooK v~ " ProvinE€s,. -wi1iGhwas with Gngular @i,\igeri~ a~Cii reditude. obfo-rv~d; Tor chey . ~ ' had their füorn Meafµrers, ~ro meted out the1~ Lan~s. w~th Cor~s by Acres, ~·' whid1 ~h~y Ealled Tµpu, wheir~b~ they made a ¡ufr d1_v1íion to che Ne1ghbour- ~ h,oé<ii, aff¡gnin17 to e-very eme h1s JUíl: Phai:Cf and propom?n. They had alfo that " which i;h€y calied a Common La.w, whJCh, as they faid, refpeéted every one " ( unlefs Old Men, and Gck, and Children, and infirm, which were exempced) " bur ali orhers were obliged to labour in matters relating to che benefit of che " Coírnnon-wealch, fuch as in che building of Temples, Palaces for the King, e: and che great Lords, raiGng Bridges, making and mending High-ways., and o~ " cher mmers of like namre. They had another Law, which rhey named the '.' Law of Brncherhood, which laid an obligation on the p~ople ro be aiding and " afliíting qne ro che orher, in plowing, and fowing, and garhering in che Fruirs, " and in building Houfes one for the orher, wichout pay, or expeétacion of re- ~' ward. They had anorher Law, which they called Mitachanacuy, which was as " muchas fo fciy, a roraúon, ora mm, or circulation of labour, which was no ' ' more chan rhac in ali rhe work which was performed by publick afliíler1ce, che ' ' like account íl1ould be obferved, and meafures taken, as was in che divifion of " rhe Lands, chat fo no Province, People, Lineage or Perfon, fhould be obliged ü co labour beyond their due proporcion, bue thac cheir Lives füould have cheir - ¿, turns and times mixed with recreacion and leifures, as well as labours. They " ha<l alfo a ~umprnary La¡w, which prohibited all kind of vanity and expence in " Cloaching and Adornm€µ ts of thern w~~h Gol~, or Silv~r or pretious Stones ; " and erµ.ecially all prorurenefs in banquets ~nd aellc~cies ~º Diec were rorbidden, " onely tbe lNeighbourhopd were enjoined to Dine ~wo or three rimes a Momh " togetl¡er, in pref~nce .cf th~ir Curaca. , ?nd then afrerw~rds ro exerci[e rhem- " felv~ in frcits of Arms, 9r in fporcs and d!verci[ep-lents, which was ~fl:eemed a " prob¡¡ble mean.s to reconcile Mens affefüons, and conferve chem in love and 1 ~ friendfhip one with che othyr : And chis Law \Yas al fo made in favour to che " Shepherds, and orher Fíeld- lal:iourers, c1~~q fo rhey ~-yll~ht call: fome pleaíures t< and recreations. They hacj ~Jfo ? Lªw in re11r~on eq> chofe whom rhey call 'f Poor ; which was, That (uch ~s were ~l~nd, dumb, -lame, old, decrepir and linj " gering \\'ith any' long or Chronical difea[e, fo as thac rhey were uncapable of " \York, fhould be ~loath~d and fe<l ou~ of che King's Seo e. Likewife it \Yas a "' Law, tbat out of chefe Srnres afl SFrai;igm and Travellers fhould be provided ; "' for whorn alfo I1 ns :md places of reli·eíhment were ereá~¡:J, 'IYhich rhey called " Cor¡¡ahuaci, which is as muchas a Houfe·of Hofpital}tY in' hich Men had cheir " charge :md expence defraye§ by rhe Pub}ick: And 1Jl t]1ls Law alfo ir was Or· " dained, chat rwice or thrice a Momh chey were to invite chofe which, as ~efore " mencioned, are terrned Poor unco t)1eir Meetings- ~nc;l publ ick Feaíls ~ that [a ' ' their miferies might receive fome confolation and d~verGon by che common joy " and fCciety. Another Law rhey qJlecj the O~·dinance of good Husbandry, " which enjorned and requirnd two rhiQgs : Firíl, that no perfon fhould rr.main "' idl'e, cr be exempt frorn labour ; for ( ªs we have Í?id befare) even Children ' ' of five years of Age were employed in fomething agreeable ro their capacicies, " nor were the lame and infirm alcogether excufed, but fome work was gi\ en " them, which they were beíl: ahle co perform; for idlenefi, which was punifh• " ab!e wirh much ciifhonour and inforny, was not indulged on any pretence bue " wlm was of necefiiry, and unavoidable. And farrher it ' ' as Otda ined by rhi~ " Law, That che Jndians fhou\d dine and fup with their Doors open, that fo che " Officers and Minííl:ers of the Judges rnight have free and open accefs ro chem " at cheir plea[~re ; for ch~re were certain Officers appoímed to vifit rhe Hou[es " of particular perfons, as well as ch~ Temple , and publick Houfes, and Edifices, " whom rhey called LlaffacamllJ·u; and r.heíe were Monirors, or Vifitors, appoimed ' ' to overfee, and make enquiry into the Houíes of particular perfons , obferving " the order, aftd regular care, and diligence which the Husband and Wife ufed in :: · cheir lab?ur and families, ~nd what obedience and reípeét rhe Children paid unto their Parents; che ev1dence and meafures of whICh rhey took from the " nearnefs and politene{> of rheir Atcire, and from the cleanlineís of rheir Ucen- t< Gis and good HoufewiCery in cheir Houfes ; fuch as cl1ey found in all chings " clea nly, they praifed and commended ip pubJick ; and foch' as were flovenly and ;~ m.íl :y, they puni~e9 ':'ich firipes, whipping chem on ,th~ir Armes and legs, oro : wH h fuch other mfüéhon as che Law required; by which care) and fevere in,. ~' f peétion1